Legislature(2023 - 2024)BELTZ 105 (TSBldg)

04/04/2023 01:30 PM Senate COMMUNITY & REGIONAL AFFAIRS

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Audio Topic
01:30:33 PM Start
01:31:22 PM SB103
01:33:44 PM Presentation(s): Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls, and Two-spirit Alaska Work Group
02:26:50 PM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+= SB 103 PEER SUPPORT COUNSELING PROGRAM TELECONFERENCED
Moved SB 103 Out of Committee
Presentation: Missing and Murdered Indigenous
Women, Girls, and Two Spirit Alaska Working
Group by Kendra Kloster, Co-Director, Law &
Policy, Alaska Native Women's Resource Center;
Kelsey Potdevin, Education and Outreach Manager,
Alaska Native Justice Center; Emily Edenshaw,
President & CEO, Alaska Native Heritage Center;
Dr. Charlene Aqpik Apok, Executive Director &
Co-Founder, Data For Indigenous Justice
**Streamed live on AKL.tv**
+ Bills Previously Heard/Scheduled TELECONFERENCED
                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
    SENATE COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL AFFAIRS STANDING COMMITTEE                                                                  
                         April 4, 2023                                                                                          
                           1:30 p.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator Forrest Dunbar, Chair                                                                                                   
Senator Donald Olson, Vice Chair                                                                                                
Senator Elvi Gray-Jackson                                                                                                       
Senator Cathy Giessel                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Senator Jesse Bjorkman                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
SENATE BILL NO. 103                                                                                                             
"An Act relating to peer support counseling programs for law                                                                    
enforcement agencies, emergency service providers, and the                                                                      
Department of Corrections."                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     - MOVED SB 103 OUT OF COMMITTEE                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
PRESENTATION(S):  MISSING AND MURDERED INDIGENOUS WOMEN, GIRLS,                                                                 
AND TWO-SPIRIT ALASKA WORKING GROUP                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     - HEARD                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
BILL: SB 103                                                                                                                  
SHORT TITLE: PEER SUPPORT COUNSELING PROGRAM                                                                                    
SPONSOR(s): SENATOR(s) DUNBAR                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
03/15/23       (S)       READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS                                                                        
03/15/23       (S)       CRA                                                                                                    
03/28/23       (S)       CRA AT 1:30 PM BELTZ 105 (TSBldg)                                                                      
03/28/23       (S)       Heard & Held                                                                                           
03/28/23       (S)       MINUTE(CRA)                                                                                            
04/04/23       (S)       CRA AT 1:30 PM BELTZ 105 (TSBldg)                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
KENDRA KLOSTER, Co-Director                                                                                                     
Law and Policy                                                                                                                  
Alaska Native Women's Resource Center                                                                                           
Anchorage, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION   STATEMENT:  Participated   in  the   presentation  and                                                             
answered questions on the Missing  and Murdered Indigenous Women,                                                               
Girls, and Two-Spirit (MMIWG2S) Alaska Working Group.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
CHARLENE AQPIK APOK, Executive Director and Co-Founder                                                                          
Data for Indigenous Justice                                                                                                     
Anchorage, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION   STATEMENT:  Participated   in  the   presentation  and                                                             
answered questions on the MMIWG2S Alaska Working Group.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
KELSEY POTDEVIN, Education and Outreach Manager                                                                                 
Alaska Native Justice Center                                                                                                    
Anchorage, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION  STATEMENT:  Participated  in the  presentation  on  the                                                             
MMIWG2S Alaska Working Group.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:30:33 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  FORREST DUNBAR  called the  Senate Community  and Regional                                                             
Affairs Standing Committee meeting to  order at 1:30 p.m. Present                                                               
at the  call to order  were Senators Gray-Jackson,  Giessel, and,                                                               
Chair   Dunbar.  Senator   Olson  joined   the  meeting   shortly                                                               
thereafter.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
             SB 103-PEER SUPPORT COUNSELING PROGRAM                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
1:31:22 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR DUNBAR announced  the consideration of SENATE  BILL NO. 103                                                               
"An  Act relating  to peer  support counseling  programs for  law                                                               
enforcement  agencies,  emergency   service  providers,  and  the                                                               
Department of Corrections."                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR DUNBAR  said this is the  second hearing of this  bill. The                                                               
intention is to solicit the will of the committee on this bill.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
1:31:54 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR GIESSEL moved  to report SB 103,  work order 33-LS0565\A,                                                               
from  committee  with  individual  recommendations  and  attached                                                               
fiscal note(s).                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR DUNBAR found no objection and  SB 103 was reported from the                                                               
Senate Community and Regional Affairs Standing Committee.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
1:32:15 PM                                                                                                                    
At ease.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR OLSON joined the meeting.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
^PRESENTATION(S):  MISSING AND  MURDERED INDIGENOUS WOMEN, GIRLS,                                                               
AND TWO-SPIRIT ALASKA WORK GROUP                                                                                                
PRESENTATION(S):  MISSING AND MURDERED INDIGENOUS WOMEN, GIRLS,                                                             
              AND TWO-SPIRIT ALASKA WORKING GROUP                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
1:33:44 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  DUNBAR reconvened  the meeting  and announced  the Missing                                                               
and Murdered  Indigenous Women,  Girls, and  Two-Spirit (MMIWG2S)                                                               
Alaska Working Group Presentation.  He invited the Alaska Working                                                               
Group presenters to put themselves on the record and begin.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:34:56 PM                                                                                                                    
KENDRA  KLOSTER,  Co-Director,  Law  and  Policy,  Alaska  Native                                                               
Women's Resource Center, Anchorage,  Alaska, advanced to slide 1,                                                               
which  listed  five   indigenous-led  organizations  that  joined                                                               
forces to  form the MMIWG2S  Alaska Working Group in  2018. These                                                               
indigenous organizations are:                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
- The Alaska Native Heritage Center                                                                                             
- Alaska Native Justice Center - Voices for Justice                                                                             
- Alaska Native Women's Resource Center (AKNWRC)                                                                                
- Data for Indigenous Justice                                                                                                   
- Native Movement                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KLOSTER  said  there  is a  crisis  throughout  Alaska,  the                                                               
nation,  and the  world around  missing  and murdered  indigenous                                                               
women  and  girls. The  Alaska  Working  Group came  together  to                                                               
figure  out how  to address  this issue  with tribes,  indigenous                                                               
organizations, and other  organizations statewide. She emphasized                                                               
that  she does  not  want to  pass  this crisis  on  to the  next                                                               
generations; she called this effort "heart work."                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
1:37:02 PM                                                                                                                    
CHARLENE AQPIK APOK, Executive Director  and Co-Founder, Data for                                                               
Indigenous  Justice, Anchorage,  Alaska,  introduced herself  and                                                               
participated in the slideshow presentation  on the MMIWG2S Alaska                                                               
Working Group. She  honed an Alaska database  for MMIWG2S persons                                                               
and highlighted organizations she  associates with on this issue.                                                               
She does this  work, first and foremost, for her  family and as a                                                               
mother  trying to  raise her  family safely.  She recounted  that                                                               
many family  members believe her  mother was murdered,  though it                                                               
was listed  as suicide. She  said that  her aunt went  missing in                                                               
California  and was  declared deceased  after never  being found,                                                               
and her cousin was kidnapped and murdered in Anchorage.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
1:39:00 PM                                                                                                                    
KELSEY POTDEVIN,  Education and  Outreach Manager,  Alaska Native                                                               
Justice  Center,   Anchorage,  Alaska,  introduced   herself  and                                                               
participated in the slideshow presentation  on the MMIWG2S Alaska                                                               
Working Group.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
1:40:08 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. KLOSTER  summarized slides 2  and 3, which listed  the Alaska                                                               
Working   Group  members,   their   education,  experience,   and                                                               
interests.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:40:45 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. KLOSTER reviewed slide 4:                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     About MMIWG2S Working Group                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     The  Missing,  Murdered  Indigenous Women,  Girls,  and                                                                    
     Two-Spirit  (MMWIG2S)   Alaska  Working  Group   is  an                                                                    
     Indigenous   Peoples-led    statewide   working   group                                                                    
     supported  by  partner   organizations:  Alaska  Native                                                                    
     Women's Resource Center,  Alaska Native Justice Center,                                                                    
     Alaska  Native  Heritage  Center, Data  for  Indigenous                                                                    
     Justice, and Native Movement.  Members began meeting in                                                                    
     2018 and  have continued  to meet  weekly in  effort to                                                                    
     have  shared  communications,  strategy,  actions,  and                                                                    
     community  building  to  address  this  crisis  in  our                                                                    
     state.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     What We Do                                                                                                                 
     The   MMIWG2S    Alaska   Working   Group    works   in                                                                    
     collaboration   to  share   initiatives  that   impacts                                                                    
     MMIWG2S/MMIP  work,  share  and create  strategies  for                                                                    
     change,  and host  healing  centered community  events.                                                                    
     With  partnership  from   statewide  organizations,  we                                                                    
     leverage  our   collective  resources  and   skills  to                                                                    
     analyze  local, state,  and  federal  policies, have  a                                                                    
     unified  voice  on   advocacy,  and  create  meaningful                                                                    
     outfacing   events  for   the  community.   Across  our                                                                    
     organizations we  are able to  support this  work group                                                                    
     administratively,   through   a  policy   subcommittee,                                                                    
     community organizers, cultural  education, research and                                                                    
     data,   and  communications.   As  Indigenous   peoples                                                                    
     leading the  change we  want to see,  we are  rooted in                                                                    
     our  shared values  and commitment  to  the safety  and                                                                    
     wellbeing of our people.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MS. KLOSTER mentioned that the  Alaska Working Group met with the                                                               
Department of Public Safety (DPS)  commissioner, and he hired two                                                               
investigators  for  the  Missing or  Murdered  Indigenous  People                                                               
(MMIP)  Unit.  The  MMIWG2S Alaska  Working  Group  educates  and                                                               
provides resources  that are  key to  addressing and  ending this                                                               
crisis.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
1:43:28 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. KLOSTER reviewed slide 5:                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     MMIWG2S Working Group Advocacy                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     The  Working  Group  provides  education,  gathers  and                                                                    
     shares  information on  MMIP/MMIWG2S  to ensure  policy                                                                    
     makers understand different  strategies to address this                                                                    
     issue that affects so many Alaskan families.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     In order  to really address the  crisis of MMIWG2S/MMIP                                                                    
     we  must ensure  we are  addressing the  interconnected                                                                    
     issues related  to public safety reforms  and find ways                                                                    
     to reduce violence.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     Through this presentation you will  get a background of                                                                    
     the crisis,  we will  share how, when  and where  we do                                                                    
     our work to address  MMIWG2S/MMIP, and provide specific                                                                    
     recommendations  which have  come from  our communities                                                                    
     across the state and have  been identified as gaps that                                                                    
     need action now.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
1:44:41 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. KLOSTER reviewed slide 6:                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     The MMIWG Red Hand                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     A red  hand over the mouth  has become the symbol  of a                                                                    
     growing  movement, the  MMIWG movement.  It stands  for                                                                    
     all the missing sisters whose  voices are not heard. It                                                                    
     stands   for  the   silence  of   the  media   and  law                                                                    
     enforcement in the midst of  this crisis. It stands for                                                                    
     the oppression and subjugation of  Native women who are                                                                    
     now rising up to say #NoMoreStolenSisters.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
1:45:27 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  APOK   advanced  to   slide  7,   stating  there   are  many                                                               
intersectional  factors   common  to  the  MMIWG2S   crisis.  The                                                               
boarding  school history  of structural  violence  is one  factor                                                               
that carries  forward its detrimental effects  in many indigenous                                                               
communities,  internationally, in  the Lower  48, and  in Alaska.                                                               
She reviewed slide 7:                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
                   Boarding Schools and MMIWG                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     Destruction of identity, inward and outward                                                                              
     •  Boarding schools  were  meant  to  destroy  the  way                                                                    
        Native peoples  not  only  see  ourselves,  but  how                                                                    
        society sees us as "less than" or "sub human"                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     Sexual Abuse as Institutional                                                                                            
     •  Levels of  civilization  of  Alaska Native  children                                                                    
        (societal  worth)  made  sexual  abuse  permissible,                                                                    
        leading to a high  percentage of abuse  within these                                                                    
        schools                                                                                                                 
     •  Boarding schools  were  also  a means  for  resource                                                                    
        extraction, which led  to a  large amount  of sexual                                                                    
        abuse of Native women                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     Lasting Effects                                                                                                          
     •  According to  several  studies,  the children  of  a                                                                    
        parent who has been sexually abused  are more likely                                                                    
        to be the  target for abuse,  becoming a  cycle that                                                                    
        has become a cycle genetically embedded                                                                                 
     •  The factors of continued  negative societal identity                                                                    
        and resource  extraction  within Native  communities                                                                    
        reveal how  one of  the many  continued legacies  of                                                                    
       these institutions can be seen in the MMIWG crisis                                                                       
     •  These factors can also explain why  it has continued                                                                    
        to be allowed by  governmental entities that  do not                                                                    
        see Native peoples on the same  level of personhood,                                                                    
        leaving way for abuse to be unchecked.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
1:47:06 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. POTDEVIN reviewed slide 8:                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
                Disproportionality of Victimization                                                                           
                       - Data tells a story -                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     •  80% of Alaska  Native/American Indian  (AN/AI) women                                                                    
        will experience violence in their lifetimes - Rosay,                                                                    
        2016                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     •  55.6% of Alaska's  sexual assault victims  are AN/AI                                                                    
        people - DPS 2018                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     •  AN/AI people  twice  as  likely  to  be  victims  of                                                                    
        homicide - AJiC 2020                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     •  An overwhelming number of sex offense cases reported                                                                    
        in Alaska are not  prosecuted   barely  50% accepted                                                                    
        for prosecution from 2018-2019. - ACJC 2020                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     •  Alaska Natives and American Indians (ANAI) represent                                                                    
        around 19% of the state's  population, yet statewide                                                                    
        60% of the children in foster care are ANAI.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     • Suicide rate 4x the national average                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     •  40% Incarceration Rate - Alaska Native men and women                                                                    
        are more likely to  be arrested than any  other race                                                                    
        in Alaska.  From a  national perspective,  AI/AN are                                                                    
        more likely to be arrested than any other race.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     •  AN/AI Youth are  over 2x  more likely  to experience                                                                    
        physical dating violence in high  school compared to                                                                    
        white peers. AN/AI  Youth are 5x  more likely  to be                                                                    
        trafficked in Alaska among homeless youth.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:48:33 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. POTDEVIN reviewed the chart on slide 9, which further                                                                       
illustrated the disproportionality of victimization for Alaska                                                                  
Native people:                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
          MISSING & MURDERED INDIGENOUS WOMEN & GIRLS                                                                           
                             MMIWG                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     94 Percent    Had  been  raped  or   coerced  in  their                                                                    
                   lifetime.                                                                                                    
     42 Percent    Attempted suicide  at some point  if they                                                                    
                   had been raped or coerced.                                                                                   
     53 Percent    Lacked permanent housing.                                                                                    
     34 Percent    Binge drank  on a  weekly or  daily basis                                                                    
                   after they were initially attacked.                                                                          
      8 Percent    Only  8  percent  of  cases   of  a  rape                                                                    
                   victim's first attack ended in a                                                                             
                   conviction.                                                                                                  
     86 Percent    Reported  being  affected  by  historical                                                                    
                   trauma.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:49:33 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  POTDEVIN  advanced  to  slide   10,  stating  the  following                                                               
statistics  and reports  relate  to the  MMIP  crisis. She  asked                                                               
committee members to  examine these statistics and  see that this                                                               
problem exists. There  is a need for more data,  better data, and                                                               
cleaned-up  data.  Members  of  the  Alaska  Working  Group  have                                                               
developed strategies to improve the  data they work with so cases                                                               
do not  get lost.  The legislature  can help  by finding  ways to                                                               
access  good  data. She  suggested  an  offline discussion  about                                                               
report recommendations,  like those  in the 2021  Alaska Baseline                                                               
Report "We are Calling to You." She reviewed slide 10:                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
                    MMIP/MMIWG2S Statistics                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     2021 Alaska Baseline  Report - "We are  Calling to You"                                                                  
     from Data for Indigenous Justice                                                                                         
     • 229 cases of MMIWG (149 missing/80 murdered)                                                                             
     • These are baseline numbers                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     2018 Urban Indian Health Institute (UIHI) Report                                                                         
     • Alaska had the 4th highest MMIP cases by state                                                                           
     • Anchorage had the 3rd highest MMIP cases by city                                                                         
     •  Anchorage ranked  in the  top five  cities with  the                                                                    
        highest number of cases not in law enforcement data.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. POTDEVIN said the 2018 Urban Indian Health Institute                                                                        
Report was a landmark document that helped people                                                                               
understand this issue.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     National   Missing  and   Unidentified  Person   System                                                                  
     (NAMUS) Monthly MMIP Update                                                                                              
     • https://namus.nij.ojp.gov/missing-indigenous-persons                                                                     
     •  Counted 292  Unresolved  Missing Indigenous  Persons                                                                    
        Cases in 2021                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     •  Murder is  the third  leading cause  of death  among                                                                    
        American Indian/Alaska Native Women, (UIHI)                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     •  While women  and girls  are the  primary victims  of                                                                    
        violence and human trafficking among Native                                                                             
        Americans, they are  not alone.  People of  all ages                                                                    
        are victims of these horrific crimes, including men,                                                                    
        boys, infants,  and  the  elderly. In  fact, 82%  of                                                                    
        indigenous men are  victims  of  violence  in  their                                                                    
        lifetime and  Native  children  are more  likely  to                                                                    
        experience trauma  and abuse  than their  non-Native                                                                    
        peers. When educating  yourself about  the struggles                                                                    
        of Native Americans, it's important to recognize and                                                                    
        remember all victims  of  these  crimes.  (CRS  MMIP                                                                    
        Research and Native Hope)                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
1:51:34 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  APOK  advanced to  slide  11,  stating  that she  wanted  to                                                               
acknowledge  the  human  dimension  of this  work.  While  moving                                                               
through data,  it is easy  to forget  that the missing  are loved                                                               
and missed in their communities. She summarized slide 11:                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     Missing in Life                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     Mothers                                                                                                                    
     Grandmothers                                                                                                               
     Daughters                                                                                                                  
     Aunties                                                                                                                    
     Fathers                                                                                                                    
     Grandfathers                                                                                                               
     Uncles                                                                                                                     
     Cousins                                                                                                                    
     Relatives                                                                                                                  
     Friends                                                                                                                    
     Neighbors                                                                                                                  
     Alaskans                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
She said the missing and murdered were individuals with hopes                                                                   
and dreams. They are missing from someone's life, and the loss                                                                  
of their brilliance and ideas are grieved.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:52:38 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. APOK reviewed slide 12:                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     MURDER                                                                                                                   
     The third-leading cause of death among American Indian                                                                     
     and Alaska Native women and girls aged 10-24.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
       We have now gathered and reclaimed a total of 229                                                                        
       cases of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Womxn and                                                                       
     Girls in Alaska.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     149 as missing status.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     80 as murdered.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:53:53 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. APOK reviewed slide 13, pointing  out that there is a lack of                                                               
coverage in the media:                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Missing in the Media                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     Our world revolves around media                                                                                            
     • connects us                                                                                                              
     • influences us                                                                                                            
     • educates us                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     We welcome  it in  many spaces  of our  lives    in our                                                                    
     home,   at  work   and  play.   It's  on   our  phones,                                                                    
     television, radio. Media has become  the way we get our                                                                    
     news,  share important  information,  connect with  our                                                                    
     friends and  family. It  is also a  way to  send alerts                                                                    
     when  people go  missing or  law enforcement  need help                                                                    
     with   collecting  information.   The  media   industry                                                                    
     decides  what to  put out,  deciding  what the  general                                                                    
     public should see and shouldn't see.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     95 PERCENT                                                                                                               
     A content  analysis regarding MMIWG revealed  that more                                                                    
     than  95  percent of  the  934  articles reviewed  were                                                                    
     never covered by any national or international media.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:54:29 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. APOK advanced  to slide 14, stating media is  a powerful data                                                               
source  and an  important way  to build  a narrative  around this                                                               
issue. She  pointed out  that media  coverage is  often portrayed                                                               
graphically and victim-blames. The life  and legacy of the victim                                                               
is often missing,  and just their death is covered.  She said the                                                               
MMIWG2S Alaska  Working Group wants  to change that  narrative by                                                               
owning and telling the story. Slide 14 reads:                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     Missing in the Media                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                              
     Urban  Indian Health  Institute examined  934 articles,                                                                    
     which  collectively covered  129 cases  out of  the 506                                                                    
     represented in the study.                                                                                                
     •  One-quarter  of  the  total  number  of  cases  were                                                                    
        covered by local, regional, or national media.                                                                          
     •  Less than  one-fifth of  the total  number of  cases                                                                    
        were covered more than once (14%),                                                                                      
     •  less than  one-tenth were  covered  more than  three                                                                    
        times (7%), and                                                                                                         
     •  less than 5%  of cases were  covered more  than five                                                                    
        times.                                                                                                                  
     •  The top ten  cases that  received the  most coverage                                                                    
        comprised 62% of all  coverage, and 47%  of coverage                                                                    
        was regarding just one case.                                                                                            
     •  Nearly all  of  the  articles  UIHI  surveyed  (91%)                                                                    
        regarded a murder case, and 83% of the cases covered                                                                    
        by media were murder  cases. There were  27 articles                                                                    
        printed in national or international media, covering                                                                    
        21 cases.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
1:55:13 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  APOK advanced  to slide  15, stating  data is  a significant                                                               
part of conveying a story. It  is an important piece in tracking,                                                               
addressing, and  determining how  successes were achieved.  It is                                                               
challenging to  implement changes if accurate  information is not                                                               
available. She said  that the MMIWG2S Alaska Working  Group has a                                                               
lot of recommendations about data;  she said that she gives whole                                                               
presentations just on data. Slide 15 reads:                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     Missing in the Data                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     •  A  report  by  the  Urban  Indian  Health  Institute                                                                    
        identifies 506 urban missing and murdered indigenous                                                                    
        women & girls.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     •  Researchers also revealed significant  challenges in                                                                    
        collecting data on  the total  number of  missing or                                                                    
        murdered  American   Indians   and  Alaska   Natives                                                                    
        residing off-reservation and outside rural villages.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     "We owe it  to these women and girls  to fully identify                                                                    
     the  scope of  the  problem,"  Lucchesi said. "What  we                                                                    
     found  in  our research  was  that  in some  cases  law                                                                    
     enforcement agencies  didn't even have records  on file                                                                    
     to consult, they were  simply going off what they could                                                                    
     remember of past cases. This is unacceptable."                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
1:56:21 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. APOK  advanced to slide 16,  stating that what would  be most                                                               
useful is to have information  and data systems that serve Alaska                                                               
communities  and agencies,  including state  and law  enforcement                                                               
agencies and the justice system. She said there are many ways to                                                                
do this for better tracking. She summarized slide 16:                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     Missing in the Data                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     •  The lack  of tracking,  quality data,  and reporting                                                                    
        means there is a scarce amount of available data for                                                                    
        Tribes and  Indigenous communities  to advocate  for                                                                    
        and have access to resources.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     •  Through  research  methods  outside  of  Freedom  of                                                                    
        Information Act (FOIA) requests  (government missing                                                                    
        persons databases,  news reports,  social media  and                                                                    
        advocacy sites,  direct  contact  with families  and                                                                    
        community members who volunteered  info), UIHI found                                                                    
      153 cases that were not in law enforcement records.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     The  'Invisible 153'  represent a  sliver and  a window                                                                    
     into those  who have gone missing  from our communities                                                                    
     and data for far too long.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     5,712 cases  of MMIWG were  reported in 2016;  only 116                                                                    
     of them were logged in  the Department of Justice (DOJ)                                                                    
     database.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
1:57:01 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. APOK reviewed slide 17:                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     Missing in the Data                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     We Are  Calling to  You: Alaska's Missing  and Murdered                                                                    
     Indigenous Womxn and Girls Crisis  was released by Data                                                                    
     for  Indigenous Justice  (DIJ) in  February 2021.  This                                                                    
     report specific  to Alaska  identified 229  MMIWG cases                                                                    
     in Alaska through the research  and collection of their                                                                    
     own.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     Additionally,  DIJ  identified  various  obstacles  and                                                                    
     barriers to collecting data including:                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     •  Jurisdiction in  Alaska is  a multi-dimensional  web                                                                  
        that, instead of creating multiple  layers of secure                                                                    
        networks for families and tribes,  results in people                                                                    
        falling through endless gaps.                                                                                           
     •  Protocol  Variation   across   the  state,   varying                                                                  
        information on  process, protocol,  and services  is                                                                    
        unclear.                                                                                                                
     •  Lack of Centralization & Digitization  of Data leads                                                                  
        to missing data but also means in many cases reports                                                                    
        cannot even be  generated at  a community  or agency                                                                    
        level. The systems also  do not connect or  speak to                                                                    
        each other.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
1:58:25 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. KLOSTER reviewed slide 18:                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     MMIWG2S Successes                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     The work group advocates for  policy changes - here are                                                                    
     some recently approved actions:                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     State & Local Policies:                                                                                                  
     • Two new designated MMIP Investigators                                                                                    
     • State of Alaska MMIP Council                                                                                             
     • VPSO legislation and funding increased in 2022                                                                           
     • MMIP Awareness Day Proclamations                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     Awareness & Healing:                                                                                                     
     • Annual Heartbeat of the Drums and 5K Run/Walk                                                                            
     • Multiple Awareness Events & Presentations                                                                                
     • Self Defense Classes                                                                                                     
     •  Trainings -  including Integrated  Public Alert  and                                                                    
        Warning System (IPAWS) and NamUs                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     Federal Policies:                                                                                                        
     • Passage of Savanna's Act                                                                                                 
     •  Passage of Not Invisible Act -  Tami Jerue, Michelle                                                                    
        Demmert, and Vivian Korthius sit on the NIA                                                                             
        Commission                                                                                                              
     • Violent Against Women Act (VAWA) Reauthorization                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:02:37 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. KLOSTER reviewed slide 19:                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     MMIWG2S Advocacy for Policy                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     The  MMIWG2S  Working  Group   has  been  working  with                                                                    
     legislators  over the  years on  MMIP Bills.  The first                                                                    
     bill was  filed in  2020, and since  then we  have been                                                                    
     drafting more comprehensive language.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     House  Bill  277   Missing/Murdered  Indigenous  Women;                                                                
     Report was introduced in 2020.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     Senate  Bill  211  Missing/Murdered  Indigenous  Women;                                                                
     Report was introduced in 2022.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     We have  also supported legislation that  will increase                                                                    
     safety for our communities  including the VPSO bill and                                                                    
     processing of rape kits that passed in 2022.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     We continue  to advocate for  the need to  overhaul our                                                                    
     outdated  911  system,  increase VPSOs  in  communities                                                                    
     across  the state,  increase broadband  capabilities in                                                                    
     rural Alaska, increase cooperation  with our Tribes and                                                                    
     state agencies, and more.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
2:04:00 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. KLOSTER reviewed slide 20, which listed the ways the                                                                        
legislature could help with funding:                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     Recommendations for Operating Budget                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
        • MMIP Attorney at Dept. of Law                                                                                         
        • Continued expansion of MMIP Investigation Unit                                                                        
        • Data system improvements                                                                                              
        • Funding for data collection on criminal justice                                                                       
          investigation and prosecution                                                                                         
        • Grant funding for Tribal Governments to respond                                                                       
          to MMIP                                                                                                               
        • Mandatory Cultural Training led by Indigenous                                                                         
          organizations                                                                                                         
        • Precinct funding and support for VPSO program                                                                         
       • Funding to support updating outdated 911 system                                                                        
        • Increase support for DNA testing                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:08:27 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. POTDEVIN reviewed slide 21:                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
       Recommendations for Legislative & Executive Branch                                                                     
                            Policies                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
        • Require     training    from     indigenous    led                                                                    
          organizations or contractors for all public                                                                           
          safety officials (AST, local police, VPSO)                                                                            
        • Re-establish fatality review commission                                                                               
        • Establish annual non-competitive grant program                                                                        
          for Tribes to address MMIP and Public Safety                                                                          
          issues                                                                                                                
        • Require interagency cooperation                                                                                       
        • Audits   and   reporting    on   law   enforcement                                                                    
          investigations                                                                                                        
        • Mandate NamUs Entry                                                                                                   
        • Review Dept. of Law procedures for prosecution of                                                                     
          cases involving murdered Indigenous people                                                                            
        • Review of case management by law enforcement                                                                          
        • Review of prosecution investigation, charging                                                                         
          decisions and access to necessary resources for                                                                       
          homicides; and review of judicial outcomes  for                                                                       
          homicides                                                                                                             
        • Establish a Data Codebook Across Agencies to                                                                          
          Ensure Consistency in Data Collection and                                                                             
          Reporting.                                                                                                            
        • Improve Oversight of Investigations                                                                                   
        • Provide Case Support for Families and Communities                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:11:49 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. POTDEVIN reviewed slide 22:                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     Advocate for Change in Your Community                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     Every Alaskan deserves to feel safe in their home and                                                                      
     walking around in their community.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     Everyone has something to contribute.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Every Voice Matters.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
       We cannot make change alone  it takes all of us to                                                                       
     come together to protect all our people across Alaska.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
       We need federal, state and tribal governments, non-                                                                      
      profits, individuals and communities to work across                                                                       
     all affiliations to make real change in Alaska.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:13:08 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. POTDEVIN advanced to slide 23, which pictured the "This is                                                                  
Why We Wear Red" toolkit for communities. She reviewed slide 23:                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Resources for Your Community                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     The  organizations  that  participate  in  the  MMIWG2S                                                                    
     Alaska  come  to  this work  from  different  areas  of                                                                    
     practice.   Not  all   our  organizations   are  direct                                                                    
     services providers  to individuals and  their families.                                                                    
     In order  to provide  further reach to  individuals and                                                                    
     families  seeking  services   and  resources,  we  have                                                                    
     compiled  this document  which  includes resources  for                                                                    
     crisis intervention, emergency  shelter, direct victim-                                                                    
     survivor   service  providers,   and  other   kinds  of                                                                    
     services that  may aid in  healing. Note this is  not a                                                                    
     comprehensive list of all survivor services in Alaska.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     MMIWG2S AK Working Group Resource List                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     This is  Why We  Wear Red    MMIWG  An Action  Plan For                                                                  
     Native Communities                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
2:14:19 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. APOK  advanced to slide  24, stating she invites  everyone to                                                               
this work. There  is a place of belonging  for everyone. Systemic                                                               
state and institutional  issues mean there is  an opportunity for                                                               
systemic  solutions. She  said that  the  MMIWG2S Alaska  Working                                                               
Group works  on this crisis daily,  and the endeavor takes  a ton                                                               
of heart work. Families have  entrusted them to advocate on their                                                               
behalf. She invited  committee members to help pick  up this work                                                               
and  do  everything possible  in  their  role as  legislators  to                                                               
support  the  Alaska  Working  Group   and  their  families.  She                                                               
reviewed slide 24:                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     Standing Together For Action                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     We recognize the  work that organizations, communities,                                                                    
     Tribes, and  others all across Alaska,  the country and                                                                    
     the world.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     We do not stand alone.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     We do not do this work alone.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     We need everyone at the table to keep people safe.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:15:32 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. APOK summarized slide 25:                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     MMIWG2S Working Group                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Visit our websites for more information.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     www.alaskanative.net                                                                                                     
     www.anjc.org                                                                                                             
     www.aknwrc.org                                                                                                           
     www.dataforindigenousjustice.com                                                                                         
     www.nativemovement.org                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     Follow MMIWG2S Alaska on Facebook and Instagram                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:16:04 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR OLSON asked  what the MMIWG2S Alaska  Working Group plans                                                               
to accomplish with the requested funds in the next five years.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MS. APOK replied the Alaska  Working Group wants justice on every                                                               
front, which means:                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
-  Prevention.   Offer  self-defense  seminars,   and  distribute                                                               
   information and resources on prevention.                                                                                     
- Closure. Ensure  families get closure and that  their cases are                                                               
   actively worked on.                                                                                                          
- Funding.  Recommendations for budget  line items are  listed on                                                               
   slide 20.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS.  APOK  said  the  Alaska  Working  Group  comprises  multiple                                                               
organizations with many skill sets.  It relies on other entities,                                                               
like  the legislature,  to  help identify  areas  where they  can                                                               
collaborate and  help. This work  needs everyone to lend  a hand,                                                               
from  law   enforcement,  VPSOs,  and  advocates   to  prevention                                                               
workers.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:19:03 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR DUNBAR  drew attention to  boarding school abuse.  He asked                                                               
whether the working  group could expound on this  subject and the                                                               
work done in this area.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MS. APOK  replied that Emily Edenshaw  and her team plan  to have                                                               
publications available soon.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. KLOSTER  recommended the committee  invite Emily  Edenshaw to                                                               
give a  presentation focusing only on  boarding schools. Boarding                                                               
school abuse  is an  issue in  Alaska. Native  children statewide                                                               
were  taken  from their  communities,  put  in boarding  schools,                                                               
forbidden  to  speak  their  native  languages,  and  mistreated.                                                               
Alaska  Natives  and  communities   continue  to  experience  the                                                               
fallout from  the abuse,  and they continue  to work  on healing.                                                               
She highly recommended an in-depth  presentation because there is                                                               
a lot to uncover.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MS. APOK  said that the  connection between boarding  schools and                                                               
the crisis  of missing and  murdered indigenous relatives  is one                                                               
of structural violence and its  historical legacy in communities.                                                               
She  said the  biggest part  is recognizing  that Alaska  Natives                                                               
still deal  with the  impacts of  historical practices  that have                                                               
been institutionalized.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:22:04 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR GRAY-JACKSON  brought up  the ABC network  series "Alaska                                                               
Daily,"  asking whether  the series  is valuable  to the  MMIWG2S                                                               
cause.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MS.  APOK  replied  that  indigenous   writers  from  the  series                                                               
approached the Alaska Working Group  for feedback. They wanted to                                                               
be cognizant of  how they told the story. She  expressed pride in                                                               
the Alaska Native writers who raised  awareness of the issue to a                                                               
higher level through  the media. She said  these writers provided                                                               
talking points to the lead  character so that person understood a                                                               
lot of advocacy is being done  in Alaska. She discussed data with                                                               
the writers. She mentioned that it  is important to be mindful of                                                               
and  think   critically  about  using  "white   saviors"  in  the                                                               
narrative.  She   expressed  her  belief  that   the  series  has                                                               
positively  impacted  people,  feeling  like  their  stories  and                                                               
families are present in the larger media setting.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
2:24:17 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR DUNBAR asked if the  presenters wanted to offer any closing                                                               
remarks.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KLOSTER  responded gunalchéesh  -  háw'aa.  She thanked  the                                                               
committee  and  DPS  commissioner for  listening.  She  suggested                                                               
committee members  talk to Commissioner  Cockrell about  the MMIP                                                               
investigators and their work. This is  not a crisis to pass on to                                                               
the next  generation. The  Alaska Working  Group takes  this work                                                               
very seriously,  and she  urged the committee  to move  this work                                                               
forward.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:26:50 PM                                                                                                                    
There being  no further  business to  come before  the committee,                                                               
Chair Dunbar adjourned the Senate  Community and Regional Affairs                                                               
Standing Committee meeting at 2:26 p.m.                                                                                         

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
Senate CRA Affairs Presentation for MMIWG2S Work Group - April 2023.pptx-2.pdf SCRA 4/4/2023 1:30:00 PM